How to use SECOND function in Excel?

The `SECOND` function in Excel is used to extract the second component from a time value. This function returns an integer between 0 and 59, representing the second of a given time. Here’s how you can use the `SECOND` function:

Syntax:

SECOND(serial_number)

`serial_number`: This is the time value from which you want to extract the seconds. This can be a time value, a cell reference containing a time, or a function that returns a time.

How to Use the `SECOND` Function:

     =SECOND("2:15:45 PM")

     =SECOND(A1)

     =SECOND(NOW())

Using Direct Time:

If you have a time like “2:15:45 PM” and you want to extract the seconds, you can use:
This will return `45`.

Using a Cell Reference:

If the time is in a cell, say `A1`, you simply reference the cell:
If `A1` contains the time “3:25:30”, the function will return `30`.

Using a Formula or Function:

You can also use the `SECOND` function in conjunction with other date and time functions. For instance:
This will return the current second at the time when the formula is calculated.

Notes:

If you enter a date without a specified time, `SECOND` will return `0` since no time data (other than midnight) is provided.
If the `serial_number` argument does not contain a valid time value, Excel will return a `#VALUE!` error.

The `SECOND` function is particularly useful for time calculations and analysis, such as determining the exact seconds past the minute in time logs or timestamps.

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